Estonia is a country in Europe, with about 1.37 million people (2025) and an area of 45,340 square kilometres. Its capital is Tallinn, and it shares land borders with 2 countries.
By Team Geography·Last reviewed
Flag of EstoniaEstonia in solid, land neighbours outlined, capital marked.
The app teaches each country through short hand written lenses: PLACE for physical geography, STORY for history and identity, NOW for the news, and THREAD for the ties between countries. Here is one of Estonia's 5, in full.
PLACELens 1 of 5
Where Estonia sits on the Baltic rim
Estonia occupies the northernmost of the three Baltic states, bordered by the Gulf of Finland to the north and Latvia to the south. Lake Peipus, one of Europe's largest lakes, forms most of the eastern border with Russia. The country is remarkably flat, with over 1,500 islands scattered along its western coast. Tallinn, the capital, sits on the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland, just 80 kilometers across the water from Helsinki.
More on Lake Peipus
The fifth largest lake in Europe by surface area, Lake Peipus stretches 3,555 square kilometers along the Estonian-Russian border. Its shallow waters freeze solid in winter, historically serving as both a trade route and a battlefield.
4 more lenses on Estonia in the app
STORY A digital society rebuilt from scratch
NOW NATO's cyber defense frontline
THREAD The Finno-Ugric bridge between Nordic and Baltic
STORY The Singing Revolution and choral tradition
Titles only. The app brings each lens back on a spaced repetition schedule set by how well you knew it: New, Hazy or Clear.
Compare Estonia with another country
Opens the country comparison tool with population, area, income and more side by side, every figure dated.
Common questions
What is the capital of Estonia?
The capital of Estonia is Tallinn. Tallinn lies at about 59.4 degrees north and 24.7 degrees east. Estonia is in Europe. It is home to about 1.37 million people. The world capitals quiz on this site tests every capital, and the printable capitals sheets cover each continent.
What is the population of Estonia?
About 1.37 million people live in Estonia, according to the World Bank figures for 2025. That makes it the 154th most populous of the 195 countries. With an area of 45,340 square kilometres, that is about 30 people per square kilometre.
What countries border Estonia?
Estonia shares land borders with 2 countries: Latvia and Russia. The map on this page outlines each of them around Estonia. The count includes only borders on land, not neighbours across a sea or a lake. Borders here follow Natural Earth at the 1:50 million scale, with Crimea shown as part of Ukraine and Western Sahara as a separate territory.
How big is Estonia?
Estonia covers 45,340 square kilometres, or about 17,506 square miles. That makes it the 129th largest of the 195 countries. The figure is total surface area, which includes inland water such as lakes and rivers. Its population of about 1.37 million gives a density of 30 people per square kilometre.
Estonia is a country in Europe, with about 1.37 million people (2025) and an area of 45,340 square kilometres. Its capital is Tallinn, and it shares land borders with 2 countries.
Capital
Tallinn
Continent
Europe
Population
1,366,475 2025, World Bank. 154th of 195.
Area
45,340 km² (17,506 sq mi) World Bank, surface area. 129th largest of 195.
Population density
30 people per km²
Land neighbours
2: Latvia, Russia
Official name
Republic of Estonia
UN status
Member state
PLACE · from the Geography app
Where Estonia sits on the Baltic rim
Estonia occupies the northernmost of the three Baltic states, bordered by the Gulf of Finland to the north and Latvia to the south. Lake Peipus, one of Europe's largest lakes, forms most of the eastern border with Russia. The country is remarkably flat, with over 1,500 islands scattered along its western coast. Tallinn, the capital, sits on the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland, just 80 kilometers across the water from Helsinki.
Keep going on your iPhone. Scan for Geography: the world, one country at a time, about five minutes a day. No quizzes and no streaks. playgeography.app/countries/estonia/ · Map data: Natural Earth. Figures: World Bank and national sources, as listed on the page.
Geography · Country report
Estonia
NameDate
Draw the flag
Colour Estonia on the map, then fill in what you find.
Capital
Continent
Population
Area
Languages
Currency
Neighbours
Landmarks
Rivers or mountains
Three things I learned
1
2
3
One question I still have
?
Keep going on your iPhone. Scan for Geography: the world, one country at a time, about five minutes a day. No quizzes and no streaks. playgeography.app/countries/estonia/ · Map data: Natural Earth. Figures: World Bank and national sources, as listed on the page.
